Systematic review and meta-analysis

Effects of Nicotinamide Mononucleotide Supplementation on Muscle and Liver Functions Among the Middle-aged and Elderly: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Jian-Peng Wang et al. · Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology · 2025

Evidence type: Systematic review and meta-analysis Interpretive weight: LimitedResearch area: Muscle and liver outcomes
DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
PopulationMiddle-aged and older adults in NMN randomized trials
Sample9 included studies
InterventionOral NMN versus placebo/control
EndpointsMuscle function; Physical performance; Liver-function markers; Glucose and lipid measures; Safety

What the publication reported

This systematic review pooled randomized NMN trials in middle-aged and older adults, with emphasis on muscle and liver-related outcomes.

The evidence base was small and heterogeneous, with different doses, populations and endpoints. Some individual outcomes varied, but the aggregate evidence does not justify a broad claim that NMN improves muscle or liver function.

The review is most useful as a synthesis of the limited current clinical literature rather than proof of a general therapeutic effect.

Key findings

  • Nine studies were included.
  • The analysis evaluated muscle, liver and metabolic outcomes across middle-aged and older adults.
  • Results varied by endpoint and study.
  • The evidence base remained limited by small trials and heterogeneity.

What it cannot establish

  • Small number of eligible trials.
  • Heterogeneity in doses, populations and outcomes.
  • Most trials were short term.
  • Several included outcomes were surrogate biomarkers rather than clinical events.
HealthspanX claim boundary: This review does not establish that NMN improves muscle function, prevents sarcopenia, or treats liver disease.

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